支持XML Web服务的事务利用公共语言运行期中的支持,其是基于Microsoft Transaction Server (
MTS)和COM+
Services中相同的分布式事务模型。该模型基于明确的判断一个对象是否参与一个事务,而不是编写特定的代码用来处理委托和回调一个事务。对于一个使用ASP.NET创建的XML
Web服务,你可以通过设置其应用到一个XML Web服务方法上的WebMethod属性的TransactionOption属性来声明一个XML
Web服务的事务行为。如果该XML
Web服务方法执行的时候抛出一个异常,那么该事务自动地结束;相反,如果没有发生异常,该事务自动委托。
WebMethod属性的TransactionOption属性规定一个XML
Web服务方法如何参与一个事务。虽然这个声明级别表示一个事务逻辑,但是它是消除实际事务的一个步骤。当事物对象访问数据源(如数据库或消息队列)时实际事务产生。关联该对象的事务自动流向适当的资源管理程序。像.NET
Framework Data Provider(用于SQL Server或OLE DB)这样的.NET
Framework数据提供者在对象的上下文中查找事务并通过Distributed Transaction Coordinator
(DTC,分布式事务协调程序)编目事务。全部的事务自动产生。
XML
Web服务方法只能参与一个作为新事务的根的事务。作为一个新事务的根,所有的与资源管理器(像运行Microsoft SQL Server、Microsoft
Message Queuing和Microsoft Host Integration
Server的服务器)的相互作用维护需要运行健壮的分布式应用程序的ACID性质。调用其他的XML Web服务方法的XML
Web服务方法参与不同的事务,因为事务不流经XML Web服务方法。
使用来自XML
Web服务方法的事务
声明一个XML Web服务。
[C#] <%@ WebService Language="C#" Class="Orders" %> [Visual
Basic] <%@ WebService Language="VB" Class="Orders"
%> 把一个汇编指令加到System.EnterpriseServices上。
<%@ Assembly
name="System.EnterpriseServices,Version=1.0.3300.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
%> 添加引用到System.Web.Services和System.EnterpriseServices域名空间。
[C#] using System.Web.Services; using
System.EnterpriseServices; [Visual Basic] Imports
System.Web.Services Imports
System.EnterpriseServices 声明一个XML
Web服务方法,设置WebMethod属性的TransactionOption属性为TransactionOption.RequiresNew。
[C#] [
WebMethod(TransactionOption=TransactionOption.RequiresNew)] public
int DeleteAuthor(string lastName) [Visual Basic] <
WebMethod(TransactionOption:=TransactionOption.RequiresNew)> _ Public
Function DeleteAuthor(lastName As String) As
Integer 下面的代码示例显示一个使用单个XML Web服务方法的XML
Web服务,调用DeleteDatabase。这个XML
Web服务方法执行一个事务范围内的数据库操作。如果该数据库操作抛出一个异常,该事务自动地停止;否则,该事务自动地委托。
[C#] <%@ WebService Language="C#" Class="Orders" %> <%@ Assembly
name="System.EnterpriseServices,Version=1.0.3300.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a"
%> using System; using System.Data; using
System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Web.Services; using
System.EnterpriseServices;
public class Orders :
WebService { [
WebMethod(TransactionOption=TransactionOption.RequiresNew)] public int
DeleteAuthor(string lastName) { String deleteCmd = "DELETE FROM
authors WHERE au_lname='" + lastName + "'" ; String
exceptionCausingCmdSQL = "DELETE FROM NonExistingTable
WHERE au_lname='" + lastName + "'" ;
SqlConnection sqlConn = new
SqlConnection( "Persist Security Info=False;Integrated
Security=SSPI;database=pubs;server=myserver");
SqlCommand deleteCmd
= new SqlCommand(deleteCmdSQL,sqlConn); SqlCommand exceptionCausingCmd
= new SqlCommand(exceptionCausingCmdSQL,sqlConn);
// This
command should execute
properly. deleteCmd.Connection.Open(); deleteCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
//
This command results in an exception, so the first command is //
automatically rolled back. Since the XML Web service method is //
participating in a transaction, and an exception occurs, ASP.NET //
automatically aborts the transaction. The deleteCmd that // executed
properly is rolled back.
int cmdResult =
exceptionCausingCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
sqlConn.Close();
return
cmdResult; } } [Visual Basic] <%@ WebService Language="VB"
Class="Orders" %> <%@ assembly name="System.EnterpriseServices"
%>
Imports System Imports System.Data Imports
System.Data.SqlClient Imports System.Web.Services Imports
System.Web.Util Imports System.EnterpriseServices
Public Class
Orders
<WebMethod(TransactionOption:=TransactionOption.RequiresNew)>
_ Public Function DeleteAuthor (lastName as String) as Integer
Dim deleteCmdSQL As String = "DELETE FROM authors WHERE
au_lname='" + _ lastName + "'" Dim exceptionCausingCmdSQL As
String = "DELETE FROM " + _ "NonExistingTable WHERE au_lname='" +
lastName + "'"
Dim sqlConn As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(
_ "Persist Security Info=False;Integrated
Security=SSPI;database=pubs;server=myserver")
Dim deleteCmd As
SqlCommand = New SqlCommand(deleteCmdSQL,sqlConn) Dim
exceptionCausingCmd As SqlCommand = New
_ SqlCommand(exceptionCausingCmdSQL,sqlConn)
' This command
should execute
properly. deleteCmd.Connection.Open() deleteCmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
'
This command results in an exception, so the first command is '
automatically rolled back. Since the XML Web service method is '
participating in a transaction, and an exception occurs, ASP.NET '
automatically aborts the transaction. The deleteCmd that ' executed
properly is rolled back.
Dim cmdResult As Integer =
exceptionCausingCmd.ExecuteNonQuery() sqlConn.Close()
Return
cmdResult End Function End Class157
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