/*
.Net/C# 实现真正的只读属性 (ReadOnly Property)
当类的私有成员是简单类型时,只需为该成员提供 public { get; } 的访问器即可实现只读属性。
当类的私有成员不是简单类型(如: ArrayList、Hashtable 等)时, 如果仅为该成员提供 public { get; } 的访问器而实现只读属性是远远不够的! 因为该属性 ArrayList、Hashtable 还可以被执行 Add(..)、Clear()、Remove(...) 等方法!
经 【身披七彩祥云 脚踏金甲圣衣】的 "思归 Saucer" 点拨, 参阅 Reflector: ArrayList.ReadOnly(...) static Method 搞定 ReadOnlyHashtable !
*/
//using System; //using System.Collections; //using System.Runtime.Serialization;
namespace Microshaoft { public class WithReadOnlyPropertyClass { public WithReadOnlyPropertyClass() { this._Hashtable = new System.Collections.Hashtable(); this._Hashtable.Add("1", "aaa"); this._Hashtable.Add("2", "bbb"); this._Hashtable.Add("3", "ccc");
this._ArrayList = new System.Collections.ArrayList(); this._ArrayList.Add("1"); this._ArrayList.Add("2"); this._ArrayList.Add("3"); }
private System.Collections.ArrayList _ArrayList; public System.Collections.ArrayList ReadOnlyArrayList { get { //.Net Framework 已经实现 return System.Collections.ArrayList.ReadOnly(this._ArrayList); } }
private System.Collections.Hashtable _Hashtable; public System.Collections.Hashtable ReadOnlyHashTable { get { return ReadOnlyHashtable.ReadOnly(this._Hashtable); } }
//.Net Framework 懒得实现 ReadOnlyHashtable ??? private class ReadOnlyHashtable : System.Collections.Hashtable { //《Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code》 // 3.21 Refused Bequest: Replace Inheritance with Delegation //如果不想修改superclass,还可以运用 Replace Inheritance with Delegation 来达到目的。 //也就是以委托取代继承,在 subclass 中新建一个 Field 来保存 superclass 对象, //去除 subclass 对 superclass 的继承关系,委托或调用 superclass 的方法来完成目的。 //这里的委托不是 .Net 的 Delegation ! //仅仅就是代理人、替代品、代表的意思! private System.Collections.Hashtable _Hashtable;
private ReadOnlyHashtable(System.Collections.Hashtable Hashtable) { this._Hashtable = Hashtable; }
public static System.Collections.Hashtable ReadOnly(System.Collections.Hashtable Hashtable) { if (Hashtable == null) { throw new System.ArgumentNullException("Hashtable"); } //多态 return new ReadOnlyHashtable(Hashtable); }
private string _s = "集合是只读的。";
//重写 override 所有 "写" 操作的方法,运行时错误,如调用该方法则抛出异常 public override void Add(object key, object value) { throw new System.NotSupportedException(this._s); }
public override void Clear() { throw new System.NotSupportedException(this._s); }
public override object Clone() { ReadOnlyHashtable roht = new ReadOnlyHashtable(this._Hashtable); roht._Hashtable = (System.Collections.Hashtable) this._Hashtable.Clone(); return roht; }
//重写 override 方法 public override bool Contains(object key) { //用代理的 Hashtable Field 对象的实例方法重写 //return base.Contains(key); return this._Hashtable.Contains(key); }
public override bool ContainsKey(object key) { return this._Hashtable.ContainsKey(key); }
public override bool ContainsValue(object value) { return this._Hashtable.ContainsValue(value); }
public override void CopyTo(System.Array array, int arrayIndex) { this._Hashtable.CopyTo(array, arrayIndex); }
public override System.Collections.IDictionaryEnumerator GetEnumerator() { //经重写改为调用代理成员对象的同名实例方法 return this._Hashtable.GetEnumerator(); }
// protected override int GetHash(object key) // { // //protected 成员不能通过代理对象的实例方法重写 // return base.GetHash(key); // } // // protected override bool KeyEquals(object item, object key) // { // return base.KeyEquals(item, key); // }
public override void Remove(object key) { throw new System.NotSupportedException(this._s); }
public override void GetObjectData(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context) { this._Hashtable.GetObjectData(info, context); }
public override void OnDeserialization(object sender) { this._Hashtable.OnDeserialization(sender); }
public override bool IsReadOnly { get { return this._Hashtable.IsReadOnly; } }
public override bool IsFixedSize { get { return this._Hashtable.IsFixedSize; } }
public override bool IsSynchronized { get { return this._Hashtable.IsSynchronized; } }
public override System.Collections.ICollection Keys { get { return this._Hashtable.Keys; } }
public override System.Collections.ICollection Values { get { return this._Hashtable.Values; } }
public override object SyncRoot { get { return this._Hashtable.SyncRoot; } }
public override int Count { get { return this._Hashtable.Count; } }
//索引器别忘了重写 override public override object this[object key] { get { //使用 代理对象 return this._Hashtable[key]; } set { throw new System.NotSupportedException(this._s); } } } } }
class AppTest { static void Main(string[] args) { Microshaoft.WithReadOnlyPropertyClass x = new Microshaoft.WithReadOnlyPropertyClass();
System.Console.WriteLine("ReadOnlyArrayList Property Test:"); //多态 System.Collections.ArrayList al = x.ReadOnlyArrayList; foreach (object o in al) { System.Console.WriteLine("Value: {0}", o); } System.Console.WriteLine(); System.Collections.IEnumerator ie [1] [2] 下一页 [Web开发]关于Ehlib的ReadOnly小BUG修正。 [Web开发]readonly vs. const [C#]
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