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浅析SQL SERVER一个没有公开的存储过程
从SQLSERVER6.5开始,MS提供了一个非常有用的系统存储过程sp_MSforeachtable和sp_MSforeachDB;作为DBA会经常需要检查所有的数据库或用户表,比如:检查所有数据库的容量;看看指定数据库所有用户表的容量,所有表的记录数...,我们一般处理这样的问题都是用游标分别处理处理,比如:在数据库检索效率非常慢时,我们想检查数据库所有的用户表,我们就必须这样写游标:
DECLARE @TableName varchar(255)
DECLARE @ExeSQL varchar(4000)
DECLARE Table_Cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype=''''U''''
OPEN Table_Cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM Table_Cursor INTO @TableName
WHILE(@@FETCH_STATUS=0)
BEGIN
PRINT @TableName
SELECT @ExeSQL=''''DBCC CHECKTABLE(''''''''''''+@TableName+'''''''''''')''''
EXEC(@EXESQL)
FETCH NEXT FROM Table_Cursor INTO @TableName
END
CLOSE Table_Cursor
DEALLOCATE Table_Cursor
GO
如果我们用sp_MSforeachtable就可以非常方便的达到相同的目的:
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="print ''''?'''' DBCC CHECKTABLE(''''?'''')"
大家可以看出这样就更加简洁(虽然在后台也是通过游标来处理的),下面我们就仔细分析一下sp_MSforeachtable这个存储过程:
我们看看sp_MSforeachtable详细的CODE:
USE MASTER
GO
SP_HELPTEXT sp_MSforeachtable
--下面时sp_MSforeachtable的原始代码
CREATE proc sp_MSforeachtable
@command1 nvarchar(2000), @replacechar nchar(1) = N''''?'''', @command2 nvarchar(2000) = null,
@command3 nvarchar(2000) = null, @whereand nvarchar(2000) = null,
@precommand nvarchar(2000) = null, @postcommand nvarchar(2000) = null
as
/* This proc returns one or more rows for each table (optionally, matching @where), with each table defaulting to its
own result set */
/* @precommand and @postcommand may be used to force a single result set via a temp table. */
/* Preprocessor won''''t replace within quotes so have to use str(). */
declare @mscat nvarchar(12)
select @mscat = ltrim(str(convert(int, 0x0002)))
if (@precommand is not null)
exec(@precommand)
/* Create the select */
exec(N''''declare hCForEach cursor global for select ''''''''['''''''' + REPLACE(user_name(uid), N'''''''']'''''''', N'''''''']]'''''''') + '''''''']'''''''' + ''''''''.'''''''' + ''''''''[''''''''
+ REPLACE(object_name(id), N'''''''']'''''''', N'''''''']]'''''''') + '''''''']'''''''' from dbo.sysobjects o ''''
+ N'''' where OBJECTPROPERTY(o.id, N''''''''IsUserTable'''''''') = 1 '''' + N'''' and o.category & '''' + @mscat + N'''' = 0 ''''
+ @whereand)
declare @retval int
select @retval = @@error
if (@retval = 0)
exec @retval = sp_MSforeach_worker @command1, @replacechar, @command2, @command3
if (@retval = 0 and @postcommand is not null)
exec(@postcommand)
return @retval
这个系统存储过程有7个参数:
@command1 nvarchar(2000), --第一条运行的T-SQL指令
@replacechar nchar(1) = N''''?'''', --指定的占位符号
@command2 nvarchar(2000) = null,--第二条运行的T-SQL指令
@command3 nvarchar(2000) = null, --第三条运行的T-SQL指令
@whereand nvarchar(2000) = null, --可选条件来选择表
@precommand nvarchar(2000) = null, --在表前执行的指令
@postcommand nvarchar(2000) = null --在表后执行的指令
所以上面的语句也可以这样写:
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="print ''''?''''",
@command2= "DBCC CHECKTABLE(''''?'''')"
了解参数以后,就让我们做几个实列吧:
1.获得每个表的记录数和容量:
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @command1="print ''''?''''",
@command2="sp_spaceused ''''?''''",
@command3= "SELECT count(*) FROM ? "
2.更新PUBS数据库中已t开头的所有表的统计:
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable @whereand="and name like ''''t%''''",
@replacechar=''''*'''',
@precommand="print ''''Updating Statistics.....'''' print ''''''''",
@command1="print ''''*'''' update statistics * ",
@postcommand= "print''''''''print ''''Complete Update Statistics!''''"
sp_MSforeachDB除了@whereand外,和sp_MSforeachtable的参数是一样的,我们可以通过这个存储过程检测所有的数据库,比如:
1.检查所有的数据库
EXEC sp_MSforeachdb @command1="print ''''?''''",
@command2="DBCC CHECKDB (?) "
有了上面的分析,我们可以建立自己的sp_MSforeachObject:
USE MASTER
GO
CREATE proc sp_MSforeachObject
@objectType int=1,
@command1 nvarchar(2000),
@replacechar nchar(1) = N''''?'''',
@command2 nvarchar(2000) = null,
@command3 nvarchar(2000) = null,
@whereand nvarchar(2000) = null,
@precommand nvarchar(2000) = null,
@postcommand nvarchar(2000) = null
as
/* This proc returns one or more rows for each table (optionally, matching @where), with each table defaulting to its
own result set */
/* @precommand and @postcommand may be used to force a single result set via a temp table. */
/* Preprocessor won''''t replace within quotes so have to use str(). */
declare @mscat nvarchar(12)
select @mscat = ltrim(str(convert(int, 0x0002)))
if (@precommand is not null)
exec(@precommand)
/* Defined @isobject for save object type */
Declare @isobject varchar(256)
select @isobject= case @objectType when 1 then ''''IsUserTable''''
when 2 then ''''IsView''''
when 3 then ''''IsTrigger''''
when 4 then ''''IsProcedure''''
when 5 then ''''IsDefault''''
when 6 then ''''IsForeignKey''''
when 7 then ''''IsScalarFunction''''
when 8 then ''''IsInlineFunction''''
when 9 then ''''IsPrimaryKey''''
when 10 then ''''IsExtendedProc''''
when 11 then ''''IsReplProc''''
when 12 then ''''IsRule''''
end
/* Create the select */
/* Use @isobject variable isstead of IsUserTable string */
EXEC(N''''declare hC [1] [2] 下一页 | 
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