You can also add temporary swap space by creating a temporary swap file instead of using a raw device. Here is the procedure: su - root dd if=/dev/zero of=tmpswap bs=1k count=900000 chmod 600 tmpswap mkswap tmpswap swapon tmpswap To disable the temporary swap space execute the following commands: su - root swapoff tmpswap rm tmpswap
Setting Shared Memory
For Oracle 9i (9.2.0) installation I had to increase the maximum shared memory size on my Linux server for all Red Hat versions. The Oracle Database Configuration Assistant displayed the following error message on my server:
ORA-27123: unable to attach to shared memory segment. I temporarely increased the shmmax setting for the kernel by executing the following command: $ su - root # cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax 33554432 # echo `expr 1024 \* 1024 \* 1024` > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax # cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax 1073741824 It is recommended to increase the shmmax setting permanently for Oracle. For more information, see Setting Shared Memory.
For more information on optimizing shared memory settings for Oracle databases on Linux, see Setting Shared Memory. These parameters apply to all Red Hat Linux versions. But note that except for the shmmax parameter, these parameter do not need to be changed for installing Oracle on Linux. But you might want to adjust all shared memory settings later to optimize the server for Oracle.
Checking /tmp Space
The Oracle Universal Installer requires up to 400 MB of free space in the /tmp directory.
To check the space in /tmp, run: $ df /tmp If you do not have enough space in the /tmp directory, you can temporarily create a tmp directory in another filesystem. Here is how you can do this: su - root mkdir /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp chown root.root /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp chmod 1777 /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp export TEMP=/<AnotherFilesystem> # used by Oracle export TMPDIR=/<AnotherFilesystem> # used by Linux programs like the linker "ld" When you are done with your Oracle installation, shutdown Oracle and remove the temporary directory: su - root rmdir /<AnotherFilesystem>/tmp unset TEMP unset TMPDIR
Sizing Oracle Disk Space
You will need about 2.5 GB for the database software. If you perform a typical database installation and not a customized database installation, then you will need about 3.5 GB of disk space.
The "binutils" Issue
Skip this step for Oracle9iR2.
I did not experience this problem with Oracle 9i (9.2.0), but only with Oracle 9i (9.0.1).
The binutils package that comes with Red Hat 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and with RedHat 2.1 Advanced Server doesn''''t work with Oracle 9i (9.0.1) Universal Installer. Here are the options you have for 9.0.1:
I recommend the following approach:
Wait for the following Oracle installation error: "Error invoking target install of makefile /opt/oracle/product/9.0.1/plsql/lib/ins_plsql.mk" And fix this problem as described in Oracle Installation Errors. I recommend this approach since it obviates the need to change binutils. I do not recommend the following approach:
Download the following binutil RPM version and downgrade binutil on the Oracle server: ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/7.0/en/os/i386/RedHat/RPMS/binutils-2.10.0.18-1.i386.rpm
su - root rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps binutils-2.10.0.18-1.i386.rpm When you are done with the Oracle installation, you upgrade your binutil RPM back to the version you had before you downgraded. E.g. on the Red Hat 7.2 server I did: rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps binutils-2.11.90.0.8-9.i386.rpm Here is Oracle''''s official solution for Oracle 9iR1 or 9iR1 iAS on RedHat 2.1 Advanced Server which I don''''t like: http://otn.oracle.com/software/products/oracle9i/files/binutils_readme.html
Checking Development Packages (RPMs)
You will need some RPM development packages for the Oracle installer to build the Oracle modules, otherwise you will get an error messages similar to this one: Error in invoking target ntcontab.o of makefile /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/lib/ins_net_client.mk
Development Packages (RPMs) for RH 7.1, 7.2, and RH AS 2.1:
To see if these development packages are installed on your server, run the following command: rpm -q gcc cpp compat-libstdc++ glibc-devel kernel-headers binutils For instance, most of these packages will be missing when you installed RedHat 2.1 Advanced Server and if you did not select the "Software Development" package. For the RedHat 2.1 Advanced Server I executed the following commands to install the missing RPMs from the two CDs: su - root rpm -ivh cpp-2.96-108.1.i386.rpm \ glibc-devel-2.2.4-26.i386.rpm \ kernel-headers-2.4.9-e.3.i386.rpm \ gcc-2.96-108.1.i386.rpm \ binutils-2.11.90.0.8-12.i386.rpm
Development Packages (RPMs) for RH 7.3, 8.0, and 9:
To see if these development packages are installed on your server, run the following command: rpm -q gcc cpp compat-libstdc++ glibc-devel glibc-kernheaders binutils For instance, when I installed Red Hat 9.0 and when I used the default packages for the Installation Type "Server", I had to install the following RPMs afterwards: su - root rpm -ivh binutils-2.13.90.0.18-9.i386.rpm \ cpp-3.2.2-5.i386.rpm \ gcc-3.2.2-5.i386.rpm \ glibc-devel-2.3.2-5.i386.rpm \ glibc-kernheaders-2.4-8.10.i386.rpm
Development Packages (RPMs) for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server 3 (RHEL AS 3):
To see if these development packages are installed on your server, run the following command: rpm -q gcc cpp compat-libstdc++ glibc-devel glibc-headers glibc-kernheaders binutils
NOTE: Before you install Oracle9iR2, make sure that you also read the information about the error message "Error in invoking target install of make file /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/network/lib/ins_oemagent.mk" in the Oracle Installation Errors section!
JDK
Skip this step for Oracle9iR2.
I successfully installed Oracle9iR2 without installing JDK on the system. Oracle comes now with its own Java. This means that you don''''t have to execute the following steps which were required for older Oracle versions:
Download JDK 1.3.1 or Blackdown 1.1.8_v3: (I usually used Blackdown) http://www.blackdown.org http://java.sun.com
According to the JDK documentation, install JDK under /usr/local. Then create a symbolic link to the JDK under /usr/local/java: su - root bzip2 -dc jdk118_v3-glibc-2.1.3.tar.bz2 | tar xf - -C /usr/local ln -s /usr/local/jdk118_v3 /usr/local/java
Creating Oracle User Accounts
su - root groupadd dba # group of users to be granted with SYSDBA system privilege groupadd oinstall # group owner of Oracle files useradd -c "Oracle software owner" -g oinstall -G dba oracle passwd oracle For more information on the "oinstall" group account, see When to use "OINSTALL" group during install of oracle.
Creating Oracle Directories
In this example, make sure that the /opt filesystem is large enough, see Oracle Disk Space for more information. If /opt is not on a separate filesystem, then make sure the root filesystem "/" has enough space.
Set the following Oracle environment variables before you start runInstaller.
As the oracle user execute the following commands: # Set the LD_ASSUME_KERNEL environment variable only for Red Hat 9 and # for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server 3 (RHEL AS 3) !! # Use the "Linuxthreads with floating stacks" implementation instead of NPTL: export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1
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